realistic,
and comprehensive vision of this concept, so that it does not lead us too far into
its scientific illusions. This is what the current study aims to achieve, through a
review of previous critical studies of gender. This review raises a key question
about scientific bias in gender studies. About 27 critical articles were monitored
from major databases, they were published between 2005 – 2023 in Arabic,
French, and English, and then the main themes were extracted, which are:
The ambiguity of the gender concept and its individualistic philosophy, scientific
bias in gender studies, and refutation of gender identity.
The study concluded that the ambiguity of the concept of gender is due to scientific
bias in gender studies, because the researchers are eager to confirm the validity
of their results (confirmation bias), which led to overturning previously established
scientific facts, such as the concepts of health and disease, nature and culture,
to legislate gender identities, and with exaggerated agreement among gender
researchers. All of that was done under the influence of the biases of “false
agreement” and false uniqueness, which could turn into a greater bias, which is
“multiple unawareness”, if the scientific community has not resolved the matter.
These are our recommendations to readers and future researchers in gender
issues.
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