It endowed the future with a moral dimension, viewing it as a benevolent end and a privilege that gives meaning to existence. However, the current Western reality is experiencing internal and external crises, most notably the loss of that future-oriented vision upon which the edifice of modernism was built. New generations no longer believe that their lives will be better than those of their predecessors.
Although Western civilization is regarded as a shared human heritage that is accessible to all, its distinctive character and historical development remain closely tied to its specific temporal and geographical context. Therefore, the question of the future of this civilization can be examined from two perspectives. The first concerns diagnosing its current crisis and evaluating it from a normative standpoint, while the second focuses on anticipating its civilizational future. Together, these two perspectives provide a foundation for developing hypotheses about the rise of other civilizations or the possibility of the emergence of new ones in the future.
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