It is presented as a prior covenant that forms the stable foundation for both religion and ethics, one that remains unchanged despite the passage of time. The discussion then moves to the concept of caliphate, viewing it as the ultimate purpose and cosmic role of humanity. This purpose transcends legal frameworks to include both "ontological guardianship" and the task of cultivating the earth.
It further addresses the issue of predestination and free will by proposing the theory of "the middle path", which upholds human responsibility while acknowledging Allah's absolute sovereignty. In this view, divine commandments are seen as a form of honor and existential training, helping individuals shape themselves through "tests" and the laws of history.
It also establishes a complementary relationship between "reason" as an internal proof and "revelation" as an external proof, rejecting false dichotomies between science and religion. In its conclusion, the paper offers a comprehensive critique of the Western human rights system based on "humanism" and individualism, revealing the philosophical shortcomings of these foundations in comparison to the concept of "dignity" as presented in the Qur'an, both in its intrinsic and acquired forms.
Finally, the research closes the existential circle with the concept of the "arc of ascension," where humans strive towards the absolute through transformative actions. The ultimate goal is the meeting with Allah, Almighty, and true servitude is seen as the path to liberation from the bondage of materialism.
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